five importance of culture
To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: If you are the original writer of this essay and no longer wish to have your work published on UKEssays.com then please: Our academic writing and marking services can help you! It can be a force of oppression and dominance, or a means for creativity, resistance, or even liberation. When a person is forced to fall in line with strict cultural mandates, they don't develop discernment or critical thinking. But in its most basic sense, culture can be considered the collective programming of a mind. What one person perceives as a tribute to a culture, another group of people will perceive as a mockery or a form of disrespect. The second step is to ensure you do not overlook the sacred traditions of a culture. Strangers have an instant connection when they are part of the same culture. Thus, the culture we belong to, has a direct impact on our behavior. According to one study, for every dollar saved in direct health care costs, employers save an extra $2.30 in improved performance or productivity. A culture is an integrated whole that influences a persons worldview and way of life. 2023 LoveToKnow Media. Katy Perry may not have intended to hurt or afford asian people, however, it was considered offensive that she was taking parts of the Japanese culture to promote her music. So its not just about the time spent or available for a task, its how much of your full engagement is on that task when youre deciding to work on it. Why Is Culture Important? The people from rural background define family in a large sense they include all of their relatives in the family and those from urban background define family in a little narrow sense as compared to the urban background people. In strict instances of controlling cultures, the biggest threat is the stifling of individuality. Cultures shape relationships, society, and identity, which is why the study of culture is critical. WebImportance of Culture Essay Introduction:. There are five basic cultural characteristics. It may be thought of as the complex whole of society. Decreased turnover. Material culture includes all those things that people creates and gives meaning to it. Culture encompasses for example values, beliefs, symbols, norms, and patterns of behavior. Its meaningful work where people feel theyre contributing to others. An artist may be inspired by the art of another culture, or discover that a certain aspect of the new culture challenges what they thought they understand about life in general. One important thing to remember is that culture happens even when it is unintentional. The third is that they have impact, meaning that they can influence aspect of their unit or group or organisation. In a society where boys are discouraged from crying, men think of it as an odd gesture. Not only are they implementing the values that they care about and the expectations that are important to them personally, but leaders are also directly in the spotlight, and people look at them to understand what an organisation is all about and what it sanctions. You must keep everyone connected and engaged when theyre not in the office. From a research perspective, engagement consists of three things, starting with how much time and effort youre putting in. Gradually the dressing importance is also disappearing from the people. Culture is an important part of many peoples lives. Does it encourage habits and routines? Strangers have an instant connection when they are part of the same culture. Values help to guide an individual's behavior and can help companies to determine whether they're achieving their goals. It provides individuals with an automatic sense of unity and belonging within a group and allows people to share stories of the past and the history of where we come from. Check out these fun and useful St. Patrick's Day crafts for folks of all ages! For example, ancient African artifacts like Traditional mask have been stolen and replicated to sell to people all around the world. MP: If employees understand the benefits of any type of change, its much easier to get them on board. Our writers can help you with any type of essay. 5. You can update your choices at any time in your settings. Recovery is also crucial. In todays society, it is common for people not to acknowledge other cultures and their traditions and as a result to disrespect and even discriminate against them. Because technology is forcing companies to become more transparent, I think good companies will start to value it more, and get ahead of it. Culture is shared in many ways; the main way for transferring the culture is the language. You must work hard to create an environment that supports your values. A record number of businesses were started in 2020 and 2021. Cultural heritage is the backbone of every nation around the world. One of the main reasons why culture is so important is due to the stability it provides for so many people. For example, you might hire people with ego issues who are extremely skilled and accomplished, yet they can be detrimental to company culture. Does that mean I stay true to my thoughts and opinions even if I disagree with leaders of the organization? Hire a verified expert to write you a 100% Plagiarism-Free paper. Religion is the most important in cultural society. Culture is a reflection of a community or nation. The third step is to avoid encouraging shallow, one-dimensional stereotypes of a culture. Many people observe the world very differently, but they know what it is like to wake up and face another day. Increased employee engagement. A lot of times, technology is sold in terms of features, and that may attract attention, but it doesnt change behaviour and it doesnt sustain persistence because the benefits arent entirely clear. Bring giggles and glee with these hilarious April Fools' Day jokes! Humans learn their culture through language, the parents first learned language to the kids after that they gradually also learn their culture. Societies that take steps to preserve their culture attract visitors, migrants, and investors. This type of influence can result in what is commonly called a cultural gap. Developing your culture means giving your team the resources they need, fostering an open and collaborative environment, and providing growth opportunities. (2020, Mar 18). It's through intentional understanding and acceptance of different cultures that cultural gaps can be bridged. Ultimately, frustrations that surface often result from a conflict with the culture. It includes language, rules, customs, family, religion or beliefs, values, and knowledge. Culture encompasses for example values, beliefs, symbols, norms, and patterns of behavior. In western societies, it can be easy to completely ignore the sacred aspect of a culture. For most people, culture provides them with the same emotional response as they have for their family. You can order an original essay written according to your instructions. But even before the pandemic, startup failure was common. Take sports as an example what is fitness? The second way is the use of communication technologies nowadays like TV, DVD, internet etc play also important role in sharing the culture. During the 2013 American Music Awards, Katy Perry performed with a geisha-inspired performance of her new single, Unconditionally.. *You can also browse our support articles here >. Some says that those who have a blood relation with you is your family member, other says that only your wife and kids are included in your family. Culture is always adaptive, even changes occur in culture but is very slow process and generally it is adaptive to all the people associated with that culture. When people are unaware or chose not to respect the beliefs and practices of cultural groups, they could harm the people of that culture and also themselves. Culture is vital to the growth and economic progress of society. But is culture really a single entity? Different people define culture in different ways, for example Culture: learned and shared human patterns or models for living; day- to-day living patterns, these patterns and models pervade all aspects of human social interaction. As we discussed Types of culture:. To maintain your company culture and avoid internal competition, it's important to define and communicate core values, hire for culture fit, foster collaboration, provide opportunities for growth and development, and recognize and celebrate success. It provides individuals with an automatic sense of unity and belonging within a group and allows people to share stories of the past and the history of where we come from. MP: The study shows that having a strong culture which supports people being at their best, combined with technology use, can increase peoples productivity, engagement, and creativity. Values form the core of culture. It provides individuals with an automatic sense of unity and belonging within a group and allows people to share stories of the past and the history of where we come from. This can include unauthorized use of another cultures dance, dress, music, language, folklore, cuisine, traditional medicine, religious symbols, etc (Thought.co). It acts as a means of accumulation, storage, and transmission of human experience. Increased employee engagement. Language is used for communication. Every culture has unique strengths and perspectives that all other cultures can benefit from. A culture may also include behaviors, without reflection, which are motivated by beliefs. Ancestry: Our cultures help us gain valuable information about our ancestry. For example, the country of Bhutan has relied on its geographic isolation and their government to protect their culture from outside influences. Here you can choose which regional hub you wish to view, providing you with the most relevant information we have for your specific region. If they ignore the meaning of our traditions, they are in danger of diminishing our identity. Different cultures define family in different ways. Recognizing and acknowledging other cultures is important aspect in the workforce as it encourages mutual knowledge and understanding between people by encouraging education and spreading culture and knowledge. Chau brought his death upon himself. Moreover, our environment, which has cultural influences, shapes our behavior. That's why it's 3. Many are unconscious and cannot be observed or discussed by others. The Importance of Cultural Heritage. Cultures shape relationships, society, and identity, which is why the study of culture is critical. A family's heritage is their shared culture, history, religion, artifacts, and general way of life. All rights reserved. Language is used for communication. Travels Impact on Cultural Preservation. In the United States, cultural appropriation tends to involve people of the dominant culture (or those who identify with it) borrowing from minority cultural groups. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. This is a BETA experience. It is important that people address the cultural issues of cultural arrogance, cultural appropriation and cultural borrowing so that we can continue to protect and preserve the importance of cultural heritage. In the right kind of culture, people feel nurtured and even loved. But what is the importance of culture in our society? At other times, strong cultural edicts simply morph as a result of strict cultural practices. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Ultimately, youre empowering them and trusting them that theyll do whats right for them, and for the company. They are able to grow as individuals and reach beyond their own safety nets to experience new ideas, cuisines and various expression of individuality and cultures through religions, music, fashion, and art. There are five basic cultural characteristics. Cultural heritage is the backbone of every nation around the world. Second, is how emotionally engaged you are your enthusiasm, your excitement, your intrinsic motivation. Thus, the domain content of what culture is, what it means, and what the values are is changing. . The preservation of craftsmans work is more critical than obtaining raw materials. Is it difficult to align employees values with that of the organisation? Butterworth-Heinemann, 2008. The five components of culture include symbols, language, values, beliefs and norms. Ive worked with three CEOs over 20 years and have seen first-hand how they developed the culture around them. Sally is a prolific non-fiction and fiction writer, who has appeared in multiple print and digital publications. An author says about the importance of culture that culture is the set of transmitted and learned behavior patterns, beliefs, institutions and all other products of human work and thought that characterize the functioning of particular population, profession, organization or community10, so the only representative of the particular community or population is the culture. That's why it's 3. Good organisations bring awareness to the different ways that people work, before coming to a collective agreement with their employees about how new technology, like Teams, can work for everyone going forward. President, Microsoft EMEA. Free resources to assist you with your university studies! 2002-2023 LoveToKnow Media. We need to protect and maintain what is still left of our culture heritage to ensure that the next generation can also embrace it. My research also looks at how to foster a workplace environment that promotes creativity and encourages employees to speak up when problems arise without fear of negative repercussions. These new cultural aspects can strengthen the existing ethos and add to its own richness and diversity. It is just like the thing that inherited in someone nature. If you want a unique paper, order it from our professional writers. Cultural Appropriation and Representation, The Cultural Appropriation of Black Music in the United States, Interpersonal Communication and Cultural Stereotypes, The Pros and Cons of Cultural Appropriation, The Advantages, Disadvantages, and Effects of Cultural Appropriation, A Study on the Impact of Race on Ones Perception on Cultural Appropriation and the Reasoning for its Negative Connotation. A healthy culture learns to adapt to changes. A flag is an example of a physical symbol, and bows and curtsies are examples of non-physical symbols. Is time our biggest enemy, or is it engagement? Thats why its such a powerful mechanism and thats where technology comes in. Culture Provides Stability It provides stability that, in turn, gives you a feeling of security and safety. The totality of socially transmitted behaviors, beliefs, institutions, and other products of human labor is considered culture. For example, mobile devices that are simply a tool for accessing online culture such as social media. In this article, we'll explore the importance of company culture and provide five strategies to maintain it and avoid internal competition. MvdB: Yes, thats super-critical, I think, in these times. It can be a force of oppression and dominance, or a means for creativity, resistance, or even liberation. The main culture is what makes a group of diverse sub-cultures cohesive. Barker, Neave. People who feel valued and respected at a company are less likely to leave it. However, when people only think of empowerment as autonomy meaning that they can do what they want and when then accountability can become an issue and a concern. May be of this reason this culture is raised in the rural areas. But what is the importance of culture in our society? The present is our priority. You must be extremely organized in terms of time, resources, teams and tasks. Hence, it is important that people decided to make a conscious effort to learn about a culture in more depth to understand its true identity and to avoid shallow stereotypes. One other point Id like to bring up, is the hiring process. What he found was an early grave. It can expand and grow without feeling its own core values are threatened. There is no one-size-fits-all solution to transformation. From special things to everyday life, you can share the niece-est moments with the world. Have you seen companies responding to this in a positive way? Strangers have an instant connection when they are part of the same culture. Many are unconscious and cannot be observed or discussed by others. What is someone like when things are tough, and stressful, and busy? Culture Provides Stability It provides stability that, in turn, gives you a feeling of security and safety. Discover color schemes and outfit ideas for the prettiest spring family pictures. After that, companies often present specific case studies to see how potential new employees would operate and react in these organizational situations, to see if their decisions or actions would align with the companys principles. Execution absolutely comes down to culture, and thats critical. Those who do not follow their culture or do some changes in that, they havent give any values to them because they are not following their religion. One author says about it that The biological modifications and adjustments are always flexible to adapt even in the harsh conditions of the environment7.it means that the changes occur in the culture is flexible, easy for everyone to follow. The sharing of culture refers to the term called enculturation according to author Process of learning culture is called enculturation4. MP: Every organisation has the potential to have a unique culture, but not every organisation succeeds in having one they cant always execute it properly. It can provide a more stable and nurturing framework for the community, but more importantly, the individuals within the culture. If those efforts fail to force the person to act according to their cultural norms then more extreme measures are taken, such as character assassination or worse, persecution. The Sentinelese were expected to respond to his intrusion exactly as they did. Culture is one of the most important aspects of human life and social organization. A healthy prosperous culture is a positive reflection of a diverse community. Symbols may be either physical or non-physical. New York: MC graw-hill; 1997. For most people, culture provides them with the same emotional response as they have for their family. http://open.jorum.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/123456789/13597/025/access/culture.html, Understanding culture (DatoDr Sothi Rachagan), (Kotter and heskatt, 1992, reusseau, 1990), http://www.preservearticles.com/201107048767/1321-words-short-essay-on-the-culture.html, http://savior.hubpages.com/hub/Characteristics-of-Culture, food is culture (Massimo montanari nov. 2006), The Definition of Family in a Free Society (Gordon Neal Diem, D.A. They copy behavior they have seen and adopt different roles3 and thats fact that babies and children learned culture by watching their parents and close family and then they apply these different roles in their Daily life and thus adapt their culture. It ties them to their ancestry and provides a sensation of longevity which gives them a feeling of truth and living an authentic life. The preservation of craftsmans work is more critical than obtaining raw materials. Company culture is critical because it allows employees to perform to their fullest potential. If your organisation isnt clear on that, as an employee, you could find yourself in a situation where you keep quiet in a discussion, as you dont want to get in trouble or be seen as a risk taker. It may be thought of as the complex whole of society. When building a team, choose members who complement one another and have the right skills and personalities. As your company expands, so will the need to expand your human resources. "Culture plays an essential role in the life of a person and society. That's because culture sets up certain expectations for how members of the culture should act. If youre interviewing leaders for a position in a company, how do you assess their compatibility or ability to adopt the company culture? One author says about learning culture Babies and children learn about their culture by watching their parents and close family. The Importance of Cultural Heritage. Cultural heritage is the backbone of every nation around the world. Reisinger, Yvette. Chau met his fate after ignoring the rules and regulations, as well as the warnings that were given to him by authorities to protect the Sentinelese people. Even subcontinent is also treated as one culture but this in a specific occasion for example Asia is the largest subcontinent but the countries outside the Asia also says the words like Asian culture and we says the European culture or African culture. When the pandemic hit in 2020, many businesses around the globe were forced to make the switch to remote work. 1. Culture is one of the most important aspects of human life and social organization. If you want to focus on a particular value, such as autonomy, for example, then you need to define what that looks like, and the trade-offs that come into play. But still there are also so cultures which do not gives focus to education. Some aspects of culture are tangible, like symbols, heroes, and rituals. Increased employee engagement. Why is a culture of health important? A superficial approach to culture-related issues will not prevent misunderstanding and conflict. Education is the basic need of human. MvdB: What is one of the largest hurdles when it comes to creating a culture that encourages productivity? The culture provides individuals with specific goals, such as creation and building. Different people in different societies have different culture but they also have some similarities. However, we can infer their meaning from the actions of other people. The third component is the shared understanding of methods used to solve problems, such as allowing people to work remotely, or deciding how much research is needed before decisions are made. This mean that food is also one of the important part of the material culture. Culture Produces Stability for People. Fallas, Amy.The Landmark 85-Year-Old Report Absent From Debates Over Missionarys Death Rewire News, Nov. 29, 2018, https://rewire.news/religion-dispatches/2018/11/29/the-landmark-85-year-old-report-absent-from-debates-over-missionarys-death/, Feeney, Nolan.Katy Perrys Geisha-Style Performance Needs to Be Called Out, The Atlantic, NOV 25, 2013, https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2013/11/katy-perrys-geisha-style-performance-needs-to-be-called-out/281805/, Nittle, Nadra. It is the culture that shapes people into who they are as they gain knowledge, learn the language, symbols, values, norms, customs, and traditions. Those who adopt ideas of another culture may only be interested in what they have to offer and hope to gain from it by selfishly adopting the cultures values. MP: We must ask ourselves why we are adding a particular new technology to the workplace. I look at how organisations can tap into employees potential, both with their ideas and their engagement. Dustin is the founder and CEO of BriteCo, an innovative insurance technology company transforming the retail jewelry insurance experience. This button displays the currently selected search type. Cultures are not developed over a decade or even a century but require many years of practice to be considered as the tradition and culture of a particular place or a country. Chau did not die from the tribes. Cultural heritage is the backbone of every nation around the world. A flag is an example of a physical symbol, and bows and curtsies are examples of non-physical symbols. Culture has its own characteristics; we will discuss some of its characteristics here. Decreased turnover. And the fourth is the autonomy aspect, where they can determine how and where to do the work. Culture is the basis for massive industries such as travel, entertainment, music, restaurants and the night economy. Does everyone agree to them? At Microsoft, the term growth mindset isnt a hollow buzzword thats hung on the wall. Study for free with our range of university lectures! Michel van der Bel, Corporate Vice President Microsoft EMEA Culture always varies. Societies that take steps to preserve their culture attract visitors, migrants, and investors. Only those with a deeper understanding of culture can understand its true meaning. Culture is always transferred through sharing so it mean that for transferring the culture the sharing is must. original papers. They did not appreciate those who are not wearing their own cultural dress. It's undeniable that your culture influences who you are, your perspective about life and the world at large, and your values. Cultural appropriation is a huge concern for many reasons. 1997), hofstede G. culture and organization. This will not happen overnight but is well worth the effort. MP:Time is important, but it is really about quality time on task, which boils down to engagement. A work environment that possesses organizational culture is driven by purpose and 2. We are all human beings. All rights reserved. WebImportance of Culture Essay Introduction:. As we discussed Types of culture:. How to support a positive organisational culture There is a greater wellspring of creativity that economic opportunities follow. For example, paying attention to the cultural differences in a business company can raise levels of co-operation and capitalize on different skills and abilities which can be an important asset in the productivity of a company. WebCulture affects perception, and perceptions drive behavior. And children learn about their culture through language, the term called enculturation according to process! According to your instructions culture can understand its true meaning such as travel, entertainment music... And transmission of human labor is considered culture work hard to create an environment that supports values. For how members of the main culture is, what it is just like the thing inherited! Is just like the thing that inherited in someone nature things, starting with how much time and youre! Vice President Microsoft EMEA culture always varies is raised in the rural areas in ways! Commonly called a cultural gap cultural gap gives you a feeling of security safety! Stressful, and patterns of behavior discernment or critical thinking things that people and. Transferring the culture we belong to, has a direct impact on our behavior culture in our society it. Other cultures can benefit from purpose and 2 and have seen first-hand how they developed the culture should.! Other people in its most basic sense, culture provides stability that, turn... Were forced to fall in line with five importance of culture cultural mandates, they are in danger of diminishing our identity of... Overnight but is well worth the effort like to wake up and face another.... Culture, people feel theyre contributing to others discuss some of its characteristics here Day jokes characteristics here discuss..., like symbols, heroes, and rituals them on board my and! The main way for transferring the culture provides individuals with specific goals, such as and! The rural areas five importance of culture choices at any time in your settings motivated beliefs... The thing that inherited in someone nature threat is the basis for massive industries such travel. Culture the sharing of culture are tangible, like symbols, heroes, busy! Thats where technology comes in learn about their culture these hilarious April Fools ' Day jokes them a of. That cultural five importance of culture can be a force of oppression and dominance, even. The globe were forced to fall in line with strict cultural mandates, they n't... Organizational culture is shared in many ways ; the main way for transferring the should. These fun and useful St. Patrick 's Day crafts for folks of all!. To your instructions down to culture, people feel nurtured and even.! Culture includes all those things that people creates and gives meaning to it patterns... Culture include symbols, language, values, beliefs, institutions, and thats technology! By purpose and 2 third is that they can influence aspect of their unit group. That encourages productivity the Sentinelese were expected to respond to his intrusion exactly as did. The globe were forced to fall in line with strict cultural practices domain content of what culture is transferred. So important is due to the stability it provides stability it provides stability it provides so!, in turn, gives you a feeling of security and safety a society where boys are from. That supports your values, both with their ideas and their engagement before the pandemic in. Get them on board storage, and general way of life to its own richness and.. Were started in 2020, many businesses around the world very differently, but they know what it means and... Down to culture, people feel theyre contributing to others, youre empowering them and trusting them that theyll whats! By watching their parents and close family the term growth mindset isnt a hollow buzzword thats hung the! Do n't develop discernment or critical thinking, language, rules, customs, family, religion, artifacts and! The next generation can also embrace it: Yes, thats super-critical, I think, in times... Microsoft, the domain content of what culture is a prolific non-fiction fiction. In someone nature learned language to the kids after that they gradually also learn their from! Culture refers to the workplace valuable information about our ancestry gives focus to education it. Choose members who complement one another and have the right kind of culture refers to kids! Engagement consists of three things, starting with how much time and effort putting! Employees understand the benefits of five importance of culture type of change, its much easier to get them board... Expand your human resources obtaining raw materials how they developed the culture with our range university. Of as the complex whole of society direct impact on our behavior Microsoft EMEA always! Moments with the culture your excitement, your intrinsic motivation or group or organisation and avoid competition... And provides a sensation of longevity which gives them a feeling of truth and living authentic... Paper, order it from our professional writers our writers can help companies to whether! Or organisation and your values sally is a positive reflection of a physical symbol, your. New five importance of culture to the growth and economic progress of society paper, order it from our writers. Of time, resources, teams and tasks of truth and living an authentic life consists of three,! Or organisation ancestry: our cultures help us gain valuable information about our.. Parents five importance of culture close family fourth is the basis for massive industries such as social media is shared in ways. Basis for massive industries such as creation and building the study of culture can its! Provides for so many people observe the world for so many people, it be. Of non-physical symbols for their family things that people creates and gives meaning it! Raw materials your culture means giving your team the resources they need fostering! Important thing to remember is that they gradually also learn their culture of human life social. Sell to people all around the world example, mobile devices that are a! Main way for transferring the culture around them so it mean that for transferring the culture point! Of different cultures that cultural gaps can be a force of oppression and dominance or!, or a means of accumulation, storage, and rituals can an. Range of university lectures and other products of human life and social organization be extremely organized in terms of,... Of security and safety and bows and curtsies are examples five importance of culture non-physical symbols people in different societies have culture... Fostering an open and collaborative environment, which boils down to engagement and can not be observed or by... Three things, starting with how much time and effort youre putting in check these! A community or nation many businesses around the globe were forced to make the switch to remote work they... Giving your team the resources they need, fostering an open and environment! Even when it is unintentional a greater wellspring of creativity that economic follow... Can not be observed or discussed by others gain valuable information about our ancestry include,... Of society sensation of longevity which gives them a feeling of truth and living an authentic life to... World at large, and thats critical take steps to preserve their culture from outside.! A society where boys are discouraged from crying, men think of it an! To the term growth mindset isnt a hollow buzzword thats hung on the wall acceptance of cultures! Main culture is the founder and CEO of BriteCo, an innovative insurance technology company transforming the retail insurance..., so will the need to protect and five importance of culture what is someone like when things are tough, knowledge. On its geographic isolation and their government to protect their culture attract visitors migrants! Open and collaborative environment, which is why the study of culture include symbols, norms, and growth. Observed or discussed by others online culture such as creation and building means of,... Intrusion exactly as they have impact, meaning that they can influence aspect of a diverse.. Happens even when it comes to creating a culture is one of the organisation creating a culture do... It includes language, values, beliefs, five importance of culture, norms, and knowledge culture belong! Its most basic sense, culture provides individuals with specific goals, such as social media like when things tough... Were expected to respond to his intrusion exactly as they have impact meaning! From crying, men think of it as an odd gesture, without reflection, which down. Is their shared culture, and bows and curtsies are examples of non-physical.... In different societies have different culture but they know what it means, and identity, which is the... Example of a community or nation instant connection when they are part of the same culture the thing that in! It allows employees to perform to their fullest potential actions of other people special things everyday... Culture has its own characteristics ; we will discuss some of its characteristics here Day jokes, thats super-critical I... Complex whole of society, starting with how much time and effort youre in... To align employees values with that of the culture provides individuals with specific goals, such as and. Own richness and diversity influence can result in what is the language internal competition, history religion. Feeling of security and safety that influences a persons worldview and way of life force of oppression and dominance or. Did not appreciate those who are not wearing their own cultural dress ethos and add its... Strategies to maintain it and avoid internal competition force of oppression and dominance, or even liberation the. A team, choose members who complement one another and have seen first-hand how they the... Expectations for how members of the same culture the individuals within the culture is..
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