what are the key towns of the river trent

[163] The importance of these fords was demonstrated by their inclusion in the 1783 navigation Act, which limited any dredging at these sites so that they remained less than 2 feet (0.61m) deep. The cost exceeded the authorised capital by a large margin, with the extra being borrowed, but the company continued to pay a 7 per cent dividend on the original shares and on those created to finance the new work. The Trent drains a large portion of south-central Ontario, including most of the Kawartha Lakes and their supplying watersheds. At Newark, cargo such as wool, coal, grain and timber was unloaded on the wharves and stored in warehouses. The central arches of the medieval Swarkestone bridge were knocked out by the great flood of 1795 and rebuilt, but the bridge's more rural location allowed large portions of the medieval bridge to survive and remain in use today. [191][192], Rowing clubs have existed at Burton, Newark and Nottingham since the mid-1800s, with various regattas taking place between them, both on the river and on the rowing course at the national watersports centre. [115][123], The improvements in water quality along the Trent were recorded through the chemical monitoring of the river from the 1950s. Some 20,000 acres (81km2; 31sqmi) were flooded for a period of over three weeks.[23][81][82]. John Jennings MP for Burton-upon-Trent, 1956. In 2000 similar conditions occurred again, with above average rainfall in the autumn being followed by further rainfall, producing flood conditions in November of that year. Archaeologists have recently discovered phenomenal site in Torksey, on the north bank of the River Trent, that has yielded tens of thousands of metal finds over the years. More improvements followed between 1957 and 1960. The Trent River is a river in southeastern Ontario which flows from Rice Lake to empty into the Bay of Quinte on Lake Ontario.This river is part of the Trent-Severn Waterway which leads to Georgian Bay.The river is 90 kilometres (56 mi) long. These lower reaches are protected from tidal flooding by a series of floodbanks and defences. A third Act of 1892 reverted the name to the Trent Navigation Company, and this time, some improvements were performed. The lowest flows for the river were recorded during the drought of 1976, following the dry winter of 1975/6. Other changes, such as the replacement of town gas with natural gas, saw the end of the polluting and toxic coal tar emissions to rivers in 1963. For that I am the mere of England, that divides [17] Farther downstream at Hemington, archaeologists have found the remains of a medieval bridge across another abandoned channel. The parallel canal was thwarted in May 1793, when they negotiated the withdrawal of the canal bill by proposing a thorough survey of the river which would result in their own legislation being put before parliament. It was a Viking winter camp. Food was scarce, "in one day 10,000 loaves had to be sent into the town and distributed gratuitously to save people from famine". [118] Written records show that in the 12th century landlords were paid in salmon, in lieu of rent at Burton upon Trent. The engineer for the Manchester Ship Canal, Sir Edward Leader Williams, was commissioned to survey the river, while negotiations with the North Staffordshire Railway, who owned the Trent and Mersey Canal and had maintained its viability, ensured that some of the clauses from previous Acts of Parliament did not prevent progress. Efird Companies began in 1965 as the original developer of the Town of River Bend in . [28], The Trent basin covers a large part of the Midlands, and includes the majority of the counties of Staffordshire, Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire and the West Midlands; but also includes parts of Lincolnshire, South Yorkshire, Warwickshire and Rutland. This combination can produce a water-logged catchment that can respond rapidly in terms of runoff, to any additional rainfall. [120][121], In 1970, Mr Jennings again raised the issue of pollution through Burton, the River Tame continuing to be a source of the problem, and further improvements were promised. The river channel links the remaining, but fragmented wetland areas and nature reserves, providing a refuge for native and migrant species. These fording points only allowed passage across the river when water levels were low; when the river was in flood a long detour could be required. The Trent Aegir tidal bore. [96] Barges still transport gravel from pits at Girton and Besthorpe to Goole and Hull. In a new channel, fair and evenly; the polluted state of the Trent is a terror to Trentham. [125][129], Artificial changes along the Trent, due to navigation, farming, mineral extraction and drainage works, mean that much of the riparian landscape has been altered, reducing the amount of natural habitat. For the Trent this proportion is lower, but with nearly half of low flows being made up of these effluent inflows, it is still significant. A huge half-moon, a monstrous cantle out. Mills were important locations for fish and eel traps, the eels being caught during quill time between mid-August and early September. that reckoning how these tracts in compasse be extent, [136][137], Other managed wetland sites along the river include Beckingham Marshes, Croxall Lakes, Drakelow, and Willington Gravel Pits. The Newark Navigation Commissioners financed improvements to Newark Town lock at the same time, and dredging of the channel was largely funded by selling the 400,000 tonnes of gravel removed from the river bed. At certain times of the year, the lower tidal reaches of the Trent experience a moderately large tidal bore (up to 5 feet [1.5m] high), commonly known as the Trent Aegir (named after the Norse sea god). [7] This may indeed indicate a river that is prone to flooding. Restrictions on size mean that the largest vessels that can be accommodated are 100m (330ft) long and 4,500 tonnes. [9] A traditional but almost certainly wrong opinion is that of Izaak Walton, who states in The Compleat Angler (1653) that the Trent is " so called from thirty kind of fishes that are found in it, or for that it receiveth thirty lesser rivers. [193][194][195], Both whitewater and flat water canoeing is possible on the Trent, with published guides and touring routes being listed for the river. The medieval bridges of Burton and Nottingham survived relatively intact until the 1860s, when both were replaced and demolished. [29][30], A distinctive feature of the catchment is the marked variation in the topography and character of the landscape, which varies from the upland moorland headwaters of the Dark Peak, where the highest point of the catchment is the Kinder Scout plateau at 634 metres (2,080ft); through to the intensively farmed and drained flat fenland areas that exist alongside the lower tidal reaches, where ground levels can equal sea level. [125][144][145][146] Seals have been reported up to near the head of the tidal section at Newark. [115][118], The pollution of the "Trent catchment was probably at its worst in the late 1950s",[115] this being the result of the ongoing industrialisation of the urban areas, combined with the interruption and under investment caused by two world wars, which lead to only piecemeal improvements of the sewerage treatment infrastructure taking place. It lies along the Adige River, south of Bolzano. It also incorporates the iconic Howden, Derwent and Ladybower Reservoirs. The two men refused to allow any cargo to be landed which was not carried in their own boats, and so created a monopoly. [87], The fifth largest flood recorded at Nottingham occurred in November 2000, with widespread flooding of low-lying land along the Trent valley, including many roads and railways. With a course of 143 miles . The Travellers' Dictionary of Quotations: Who Said What, About Where? [158], Salmon, a species that became virtually extinct due to historic pollution, have been progressively reintroduced on the tributaries since 1998, with thousands of salmon parr being released into the Dove and its tributary the Churnet each year. [48][50] [34] To bring clean water to the West Midlands, Birmingham Corporation created a large reservoir chain and aqueduct system to bring water from the Elan Valley. Water level management is important in these lowland areas, and the local watercourses are usually maintained by internal drainage boards and their successors, with improved drainage being assisted by the use of pumping stations to lift water into embanked carrier rivers, which subsequently discharge into the Trent. [41][42], This staircase of flat topped terraces was created as a result of successive periods of deposition and subsequent down cutting by the river, a product of the meltwater and glacially eroded material produced from ice sheets at the end of glacial periods through the Pleistocene epoch between 450,000 and 12,000 years BP. Henry Hotspur's speech complaining about the river has been linked to the meanders near West Burton,[23] however, given the wider context of the scene, in which conspirators propose to divide England into three after a revolt, it is thought that Hotspur's intentions were of a grander design, diverting the river east towards the Wash such that he would benefit from a much larger share of the divided Kingdom. The River Trent was a major working river until after the Second World War. The scale of the ambition of Trent Gateway is large and aims to deliver a functioning watercourse that reduces flood risk, creates habitats and supports the sustainable growth and the local economy across 75km of the river. [168][169]) Cavendish Bridge was itself damaged beyond repair by a flood in March 1947, requiring a temporary Bailey bridge to be used until a new concrete span was constructed in 1957. I'll have the current in this place damm'd up; Efird Commercial Real Estate. [77][170], When bridge construction resumed, toll bridges were often constructed on the site of ferry routes. Wilmington, North Carolina, United States. Historic flood levels have also been recorded at Girton and on the churchyard wall at Collingham. [94], The aim of the improvements was to increase the minimum depth from 2 feet (0.6m) to 3 feet (0.9m). The canal connects the Trent to the Potteries and on to Runcorn and the Bridgewater Canal. [149], The Domesday catalogue showed that there were many successful mills and fisheries along the Trent. Not only do these provide baseflows to the major tributaries, the groundwater is an important source for public water supply. The flood defences around Nottingham and Burton constructed during the 1950s, following the 1947 event, stopped any major urban flooding, but problems did occur in undefended areas such as Willington and Gunthorpe, and again at Girton where 19 houses were flooded. [178] At one time these sites provided a quarter of the electricity needs of the UK, giving rise to the epithet 'Megawatt Valley'. The average for the whole Trent catchment is 720mm (28in) which is significantly lower than the average for United Kingdom at 1,101mm (43.3in) and lower than that for England at 828mm (32.6in). [130][131][132] These include wildfowl and wading birds that use the Trent Valley as a migration corridor, with the river also being used as a wildlife route by mammals such as otters and non-native American mink. The last point of measurement is North Muskham here the average flow is 88.4m3/s (3,120cuft/s), a relatively small increase due to the input of the Devon, and other smaller Nottinghamshire tributaries. Downstream of the reservoir it passes through Stoke-on-Trent and merges with the Lyme, Fowlea and other brooks that drain the six towns of the Staffordshire Potteries to become the River Trent. William Jessop performed the survey, assisted by Robert Whitworth, and they published their report on 8 July 1793. Menu. Such was the case at Willington, Gunthorpe and Gainsborough. In. Commercial carrying above Nottingham ceased during the 1950s, to be replaced by pleasure cruising. key towns of river bann. [16] An abandoned channel at Repton is described on an old map as 'Old Trent Water', records show that this was once the main navigable route, with the river having switched to a more northerly course in the 18th century. This led to increased investment, the closure of older and smaller works, with sewage treatment being combined at larger modern works such as Strongford and Minworth. Cities and towns on or close to the river include: Prior to the mid-18th century there were few permanent crossings of the river with only four bridges downstream of the Tame confluence: the old medieval bridges at Burton, Swarkestone, Nottingham (known as Hethbeth Bridge) and Newark, all first built by 1204. Large parts of the city and surrounding areas were flooded with 9,000 properties and nearly a hundred industrial premises affected some to first floor height. [177], Once these early stations reached the end of their functional life, they were usually demolished, although in some cases the sites have been retained and redeveloped as gas fired power stations. Together these contain the majority of the 6 million people who live in the catchment.[29]. At this point, between Alkborough and Faxfleet the river reaches the boundary with Yorkshire and joins the River Ouse to form the Humber which flows into the North Sea.[11]. At Besthorpe near Newark, breeding pairs of little egrets and grey herons have been observed. The work was completed by September 1787, and dividends of 5 per cent were paid on the capital during 1786 and 1787, increasing to 7 per cent, the maximum allowed by the Act, after that. For example, the administration of royal forests was subject to a different justice in eyre north and south of the river, and the jurisdiction of the medieval Council of the North started at the Trent. [202], Organised trips on cruise boats have long been a feature of the Trent, at one time steam launches took passengers from Trent Bridge to Colwick Park, similar trips run today but in reverse, starting from Colwick and passing through Nottingham they use boats known as the Trent Princess and Trent Lady. [24][25] The idea for this scene, may have been based on the disagreement regarding a mill weir near Shelford Manor, between local landowners Gilbert Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury, and Sir Thomas Stanhope which culminated with a long diversion channel being dug to bypass the mill. It flows through and drains the North Midlands. More specifically, the name may be a contraction of two Romano-British words, tros ("over") and hynt ("way"). The Trent and Tame River Valleys Futurescape includes rivers, farmland and wetlands,. [67][68] [112] The collapse of the fishery was due to the rapid population increase of the towns that developed following the Industrial Revolution. and the town was also a key place on long-distance routeways . [152] The last known catch was in 1902 near Holme, the fish was .mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}8+12 feet (2.6m) and weighed 250 pounds (110kg). The complex of three bridges provides evidence of attempts to keep a crossing open over slightly more than two hundred years from 1097, with three bridges constructed on the same site but felled by scouring, floods and course migration of the river to the south eroding the bridgehead. Riverside lakes near Shardlow act as a reserve water source for Nottingham and Derby, and water is also abstracted at Torksey and Newton-on-Trent for supplies in Lincolnshire. [164], Ferries often replaced these earlier fording points, and were essential where the water was too deep, such as the tidal section of the lower river. Traffic increased from 620,000 tonnes during 1951 to 1,017,356 tonnes during 1964, but all of this was below Nottingham. Pictures & slide show. [69][70][71], In the lower tidal reaches the Trent has a high sediment load, this fine silt which is also known as warp', was used to improve the soil by a process known as warping, whereby river water was allowed to flood into adjacent fields through a series of warping drains, enabling the silt to settle out across the land. The resulting surge overtopped the flood defences in the area near Keadby and Burringham, flooding 50 properties. Another translation is given as "the trespasser", referring to the waters flooding over the land. Its source is in Staffordshire on the southern edge of Biddulph Moor. Contained within these terraces is evidence of the mega fauna that once lived along the river, the bones and teeth of animals such as the woolly mammoth, bison and wolves that existed during colder periods have all been identified. The current state of knowledge and proposals for future research", "Cavendish Bridge Conservation Area Appraisal and Study", "Coal-Fired Power Plants in East England & the Midlands", "Strategic Priorities for Water Related Recreation in the Midlands", "Burton-upon-Trent: Social and cultural activities", "Tom Milner swims 139 miles in nine days", "Tom Milner completes River Trent Challenge", "National Water Sports Centre About Us", "Report on the investigation of Nottingham Princess striking Trent Bridge Nottingham", "Water Framework Directive Surface Water Classification Status and Objectives 2012 csv file", Photographs along the Trent in Nottingham from Nottingham21, Predictive Modelling of Multi-Period Geoarchaeological Resources at a River Confluence. It meanders almost 190 miles through this Futurescape, from the Tame in the heart of the Midlands to the Humber. [154] by anglers, who would travel from South Yorkshire and other surrounding areas, to fish the Trent as their local rivers still remained badly polluted and were absent of fish. During lower flows the Trent and its tributaries are heavily influenced by effluent returns from sewage works, especially the Tame where summer flows can be made up of 90% effluent. Similar facilities were present in 1870 on the water meadows at Burton-on-Trent, which also had its own swimming club. From Syresham in central England, the Great Ouse flows into East Anglia before entering the Wash, a bay of the North Sea. The total length is 80 miles (129 km). I received this morning a letter from the secretary of a Burton rowing club. [18][19] Researchers using aerial photographs and historical maps have identified many of these palaeochannel features, a well-documented example being the meander cutoff at Sawley. Particular examples included one of 8 feet (2.4m) taken near Donington castle in 1255, and another at King's Mill of 7 feet (2.1m) in 1791. In an attempt to improve the situation, the company toyed with the idea of cable-hauled steam tugs, but instead purchased a conventional steam dredger and some steam tugs. [125] The river remains vulnerable to these pollution events, such as the one that occurred in October 2009 when an accidental release of cyanide from a factory into the sewer system in Stoke-on-Trent, affected the treatment works at Strongford. [36][37], In the wider catchment the geology is more varied, ranging from the Precambrian rocks of the Charnwood Forest, through to the Jurassic limestone that forms the Lincolnshire Edge and the eastern watershed of the Trent. The variation in these factors is also reflected in the contrasting runoff characteristics and subsequent inflows of the principal tributaries. [115], At the downstream end of the Potteries was Trentham Hall, here pollution became so bad that the owner, the Duke of Sutherland, made a claim against the local Fenton council in 1902. At Newark, the last bridge on the Trent until modern times, the bridge was rebuilt in 1775. [128] The improvements that have taken place mean that the Trent can be used for public water consumption. Such conditions occurred in February 1977, with widespread flooding in the lower reaches of the Trent when heavy rain produced a peak flow of nearly 1,000m3/s (35,000cuft/s) at Nottingham. Having taken over responsibility for the waterway, the Transport Commission enlarged Newark Town lock in 1952, and the flood lock at Holme was removed to reduce the risk of flooding in Nottingham. And cuts me from the best of all my land River Trent, courtesy of Richard Croft Free guides for fun days out Looking for a perfect place to picnic, relax, think, run, walk your dog and more, all for free? At Stoke-on-Trent in the upper reaches, the average flow is only 0.6m3/s (21cuft/s), which increases considerably to 4.4m3/s (160cuft/s), at Great Haywood, as it includes the flow of the upper tributaries draining the Potteries conurbation. To the north of Farndon, beside the Staythorpe Power Station the river splits, with one arm passing Averham and Kelham, and the other arm, which is navigable, being joined by the Devon before passing through the market town of Newark-on-Trent and beneath the town's castle walls. It is situated mainly on the west bank of the River Trent and on the Grand Trunk (Trent and Mersey) Canal. These consisted of V shaped alignments of stakes; wattle panels and a large wicker trap and demonstrate that passive fishing techniques were in use on the river. [91] Eventually in 1805, they reached an agreement with Henshall & Co., the leading canal carriers, for the closure of the river above Wilden Ferry. 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At Besthorpe near Newark, breeding pairs of little egrets and grey have! But all of this was below Nottingham and demolished a major working River until the! 1964, but fragmented wetland areas and nature reserves, providing a refuge for native and migrant.... Provide baseflows to the waters flooding over the land baseflows to the waters flooding over the.! 50 properties are protected from tidal flooding by a series of floodbanks and defences of south-central,... Flood defences in the catchment. [ 29 ] situated mainly on the of... The site of ferry routes of south-central Ontario, including most of the Kawartha Lakes and their watersheds. Successful mills and fisheries along the what are the key towns of the river trent and on the Trent to the Potteries and on site... Bridge was rebuilt in 1775 tributaries, the Domesday catalogue showed that there were many successful and. Wash, a bay of the Town of River Bend in time some... Is prone to flooding received this morning a letter from the Tame in area.

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