great pyrenees vs mountain lion

When measured in pounds per square inch, there are some breeds whose bites pack a more powerful punch. Mountain lions and lions are distinct animals. While most people dont want to think about the potential of a cougar attacking them, the reality is that it is happening. Great Pyrenees are also known to be escape artists. Female Mountain Lion: Key Differences Explained, Bobcat vs. Mountain Lion: 4 Key Differences Explained, 9 Common Texas Insects That You Should Know About, 7 Blood-Sucking Bugs That Might Live In Your House, Types of Flying Insects & Bugs (Identification), 7 Most Poisonous or Venomous Bugs in the World, Western North America, Florida, and South America. The Bandogge is deliberately bred with gameness in mind. Bobcat tracks will be much smallerless than 2 inches widewhich is smaller than the print of a 6-month-old mountain lion kitten. Bernese Mountain Dogs have two coat variations accepted by the AKC breed standard: black, rust, white and black, tan, and white. Yes, you can hike with a Great Pyrenees. Heres a quick overview of the main physical differences between mountain lions and lions: Besides the major physical differences, behavior is what truly sets mountain lions and lions apart: The main similarities between mountain lions and real lions are their hunting abilities and activity pattern. Bernese Mountain Dog vs Great Pyrenees: Size Are the measurement accurate, The bite force of a Lion is onle 650 Psi , so people argue rightly how can a 90kg Bierboel have a stronger bite than a male Lion ??? If a wolf were to attack a flock of sheep, the Great Pyrenees would likely try to scare it off first. Great Pyrenees can live in Florida, but they prefer cooler climates. The breed is still used in this capacity today, though the most important job of many Great Pyrenees is that of a beloved family companion. Their range is also much larger than lions range. They are related and they can look similar, especially from afar. Great Pyrs typically live 10-12 years. Bobcat tracks will be much smallerless than 2 inches widewhich is smaller than the print of a 6-month-old mountain lion kitten. In fact, Great Pyrenees are actually quite gentle and loving dogs. Gavin Newsom likes to bash Texas. Pit Bull Mix Crazy Stuff 3.43K subscribers Subscribe 459 119K views 5 years ago Ok, the the Pyrenees was in no mood to share her food. Throughout this article, well look at the differences and similarities between mountain lions and lions. They are related and share some traits while staying distinct from one another, mainly in size, mane, and habitat. In addition, they are a little too aggressive for apartments. Dogs are our best friends but which breed is your perfect match? Shortly after a mountain lion killed 18-year-old Scott Lancaster as he jogged within a few hundred yards of his Idaho Springs, Colo., high school in 1991, National Public Radio broadcast a report . Find similarities and differences between Great Pyrenees vs Rhodesian Ridgeback vs Cane Corso. Great Pyrenees are great swimmers and love to play in water. A cougar can easily be attracted to your property, and you should be alert for signs of an impending attack. by Codrin Frunzete The main difference between lions and mountain lions is their size. Some cougars are known to feed on humans, but most livestock is killed during the night. Theyre a great dog breed with many wonderful characteristics, but theres also some things they cant do. This powerful breed's lineage is indeed ancient, as remains were recovered from as far back as the Bronze Age or 1800 to 1000 BC. They report that 4.7 million people are bitten by a dog each year. Great Pyrenees have been guarding flocks on behalf of humans for quite some time. Great Pyrs shed moderately, but with these dogs being so giant, itll still feel like youre picking up a lot of loose fur. A breed originally bred to hunt lions, the Rhodesian Ridgeback possesses a bite force of 224 PSI, just slightly beneath the measurement for an American Staffordshire Terrier. While cougars rarely attack humans, they are a danger to pets, particularly small children. for a male, and 80 and 90 lbs. It is a popular breed that was first recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1885. Though certain dog breeds often feature more prominently in bite reports, others who may bite only on occasion receive far greater negative attention. They stand 22-27 inches tall and weigh 79-115 pounds. They also have a strong instinct to guard and protect their territory, which can lead to excessive barking. Yet not all dog bites are created equally. With a bite force of 743 PSI, the Kangal earns the top position as the dog with the strongest bite. . However, Pyrenean Mastiffs are typically larger, have more color in their coats, and are inclined to bark more than Great Pyrenees. Take a look. They also have tons of energy so hiking can be a great way for them to burn off steam. Dogs and coyotes have one indent at the bottom of their pads. Measuring the bite force of a dog is a scientifically accurate means to understand how a bite applied against human or animal flesh will affect the recipient of the bite. Stay on the trail, and check maps frequently so that you won't get lost. The largest officially recognized mountain lion weighed 232 pounds. Your email address will not be published. The AKC released its Most Popular Dog Breeds list on May 1, 2020. They are mountain dogs, I have one. Great Pyrenees. Theyre also very loyal animals, and will often form close bonds with their human families. Keep pets secure on a leash. This has never been disputed. Its the will to fight will last much longer than a male lions and if it gets its hands upon a solid branch, it can put a beating on its feline combatant. 1. If youre going to be gone for more than a few hours, its best to have someone check on them or take them for a walk. Though research indicates Dachshunds, Chihuahuas, and Jack Russell Terriers bite more frequently than their bully breed counterparts, it is the pit bull-type dogs who garner all of the medias focus. Described as massive and heavy-boned, this giant breed, which can weigh up to 200 pounds, are known to be loyal and protective of their families. Unfortunately, the website appears to be down and it is unclear if this is temporary or permanent. Fences must be secure, for Pyrs have a tendency to roam. Additionally, the Kuvasz has a shorter coat than the Great Pyrenees, which gives them a sleeker appearance. Mountain lions and lions are similar in many ways, but they are clearly different from each other. Lions and mountain lions vary in size depending on region, age, and sex, but lions are generally larger. The Akita Inu, another powerful dog breed that originated in Japan, has a bite force that ranges from 350 to 400 P.S.I. No, the bit force of a Great Pyrenees is around 500 P.S.I. If youre considering getting a service dog, its important to consult with a professional to see if a Great Pyrenees is the right breed for you. Nestled in arid hills outside the city, human development is comparably sparse around the Virginia Foothills community. A dog type that originated in Japan, the Tosa Inu was bred to be a fighting dog, tracing its history as far back as the 1300s. Lion: 11 Key Differences. Great Pyrenees Temperament. Yes, you can cut Great Pyrenees hair. This seems large until you realize that small lionesses weigh about 260 pounds.[3]. The Great Pyrenees could be from Spain or France because the dog hails from the Pyrenees Mountains, which spans both France and Spain. This is a common question people ask about the Great Pyrenees. Great Pyrenees can handle hot weather, but they prefer cooler climates. Prefers high elevations and steep environments. Great Pyrenees are versatile and can adapt to different living situations. While they are both great predators, they live in different parts of the world. In its place, the name American Staffordshire Terrier was instituted, a handle that paid homage to the dogs roots in its native UK. No claw marks are usually visible, except in extremely rare occasions when mountain lions use them for extra traction or to build up speed. A 250 kg Tiger will always be far more greater in strength compared to a 250 kg cow. Special to the Vail Daily"Bubba" was killed by a mountain lion outside Tara Haymond's back door in Gypsum around 2 a.m. Sunday. Your email address will not be published. Great Pyrs also tend to have strong guarding tendencies, while Bernese Mountain Dogs may be too friendly. Yes, when it comes to a dog bite not all of them are created equally. The Boxer has a PSI of 230. An argument can be made for the mountain lions superior agility, but that wouldnt be enough to overpower a lion. How about the fastest dogs, the largest dogs and those that are -- quite frankly -- just the kindest dogs on the planet? It is not known what happened to the breeder of Rebel Starfighter Prime or why Galactic Magic Seeds is no longer available. Bernese Mountain Dogs are incredibly eager to please. Required fields are marked *, on What Dog Can Fight A Mountain Lion? They both have medium-length double coats, are incredibly affectionate, smart, and were bred to guard livestock. Stretching from the Atlantic Ocean all the way to the Mediterranean Sea, this international mountain range is snowcapped for most of the year and is home to some of the most renowned ski resorts in both France and Spain, but activities here aren't . Log in. The cougar had come near the girls backpack. And the breed's name in the U.S. is Great Pyrenees. Great Pyrenees have a deep, impressive bark, which they tend to use freely, especially at night when they are most vigilant. Males tend to be bigger, weighing over 100 pounds and standing between 27 to 32 inches at their shoulders. California cannabis laws to know before you travel, Footprints in freshly-fallen snow lead cops to shooting suspect, Connecticut cops say, DNA links man to slaying of woman found in cornfield 43 years ago, California cops say, Sacrificing a slower friend isnt the way to escape bears, NPS says. In my free time, I'm usually outdoors gardening or spending time with my nine rescue pets. The main difference between lions and mountain lions is their size. The Great Pyrenees was initially bred in this region to protect sheep from wolves and other predators. Of course, you should always supervise any dog around children and introduce them to your other pets slowly. Caucasian Shepherd puppies and dogs for SALE. A highly social dog, the Leonberger is most content enjoying time with its family and friends. Grooming - The Great Pyrenees is easy to groom. Fluff, a Great Pyrenees, with Dozer, a pug. Kangals are renowned for their protection skills and are extremely loyal to both their families and the livestock they are entrusted to care for. Great Pyrenees can have blue merle markings, but they're not common. This is for a good reason. I agree. Due to their courage, strength, and innate intellect, the German Shepherd is a popular breed for police or military work. Bernese Mountain Dog vs Great Pyrenees: What Are The Differences. Bernese Mountain Dogs are the smaller of these breeds. Authorities later caught the mountain lion and it was euthanized, KTVN reported. Is California a better place to live? Again, Great Pyrenees are not naturally aggressive animals, but they will do whatever it takes to protect their flock. Their thick double coat may become overheated and uncomfortable when living in florida. It was initially thought that Blane Horton was the breeder for Rebel Starfighter Prime but this has been proven incorrect. Lions are overall one of the largest felines, only rivaled by tigers. Many times, the dog was simply placed in a circumstance beyond his control and responded to his heightened emotional state with the only weapon he had to protect himself: his teeth. Great Pyrenees are bred to withstand cold weather and have thick double coats that protect them from the elements. There are several different means to determine the strength of a dogs bite. The dog was about 150 pounds and "abnormally large for a Great Pyrenees," Haymond said. Sometimes the animals are able to get inside a home, but its very rare that a cougar can attack a person. He is a University of Oklahoma graduate and outdoors enthusiast living in Texas. The Great Pyrenees is the better dog as it is much calmer, a better guard dog, and requires far less grooming and exercise. What is clear is that regardless of the intentions behind a bite, the adults in the equation must do better to protect their dogs and those who are around them to prevent tragedy from occurring. However, mountain lions are very rare in most areas where Great Pyrenees live. This is why smaller dogs who bite with a greater frequency result in fewer trips to the hospital for emergency care. While the cougars diet is mainly elk, the species can also be attracted to other types of prey, such as deer, wolf-moose, and bear-elk. The Great Pyrenees' temperament exudes patience and affection. Though this statistic seems quite high, we must bear in mind that the CDC can only record bite incidents that are reported to them, meaning the bite occurrences are likely significantly higher than the current recorded statistics indicate. Great Pyrenees can be left alone for short periods of time, but they dont like being left alone for long periods of time. This includes being loyal and protective to livestock like chickens, goats, cattle, cats and other animals they become familiarized with as family. A mountain lion has no chance of winning this fight. You dont want to exhaust them or put too much strain on their joints. Contact the AZ Animals editorial team. Copyright 2022 | Pawscessories | All Rights Reserved, Surprising Things Great Pyrenees Can & Cant Do. Vast Differences in the Great Pyrenees vs Bernese Mountain Dog Breed Standard Physical Features Size Male Great Pyrs are 28 to 32 inches tall at the shoulders and weigh 110 to 160 pounds. A full-grown Great Pyrenees size is between 28 and 32 inches high for a male, and 26 and 29 inches for a female, so they're pretty tall dogs. Coyotes are another predator that can pose a threat to livestock. They are larger and have a stronger bite, so lions have more killing power. Your Ultimate Guide On How To Clean Your Jewelry. Its important to socialize your Great Pyrenees from a young age so they know how to interact with other people and animals. However, they can also show alertness and make good watchdogs. Theyre intelligent dogs that are willing to please their owners. Mountain Lions vs. Lions: Who Would Win in a Fight? When measuring a dogs PSI, it is important to note that dogs possess the ability to exert different amounts of force at will. Early socialization is also important so that your dog feels confident in the world around them. They can see well in low-light conditions. So, its important to make sure your Great Pyrenees has a safe and secure place to stay when youre away. They are much larger and there is no way unarmed humans can successfully defend themselves. While a cougar might not be a threat to your family, its a hazard to your property. Even a simulated fight/play it needed that to deal with a wild cat. I have one @Massimo.bullterrier (yeah, he has his own Insta) He doesnt protect us from anything but cats and rodents. The 14-year-old was walking with her Great Pyrenees in the Virginia Foothills neighborhood in far south Reno early in the morning on Nov. 10, when they tangled with the mountain lion, the. Tibetan Mastiffs are rarely that big. This will also help to prevent matting, though tangles are less common in their fur than in other breeds with this coat length. Great Pyrenees earn their title of "great" for their majestic stature and their impressive size. But this breed has also become a popular choice for a companion canine. Consider erecting a fence around play areas. Staffordshire Bull Terrier vs Pitbull: What are, The Camera Catches the Family Dog Simply, Antibiotics (and Alternatives) for Dogs: Reviewed, The Best Ear Drops for Dogs: Reviewed and Ranked, The Best Dog Food for Dachshunds: Reviewed and Ranked by Our Experts. Pawscessories is reader-supported. Pyrs require about 30 minutes of exercise per day. A dog of impressive size, it is not surprising that the Tosa Inus bite force measures 556 P.S.I. great pyrenenes r like, chihuahuas compared to big mastiffs or apbt tosas.where did it said that it was a "face to face" fight? Yes, Great Pyrenees can be trained. If that doesnt work, they will resort to physical force. The current boxer has killed a youngish possum, much to my shock! Brush them once a week to remove some of this shed. If you want a dog who. To put some perspective on the P.S.I of this powerful dog breed, a lions bite intensity is measured at only 650, making the Bandogges jaws 80 P.S.I more potent than one of the most fearsome predators in the jungle. Human aggression should never be seen or tolerated in this breed. Their larynx is different from other felines and this gives them the ability to roar. Most often a dog will only make use of its full strength when provoked to do so or in fear for its own life. Gov. Why Great Pyrenees Behave The Way They Do + Helpful Tips, Odd & Strange Things That Happen To Great Pyrenees Dogs, Great Pyrenees: The Best Households & Owners for Them, Hi, Alec Littlejohn here. Great Pyrenees are strong, muscular dogs. Genetically mountain lions are closer to other feline species like lynx, bobcat, and domestic cats. If you live in a cold climate, its important to make sure your Great Pyrenees has access to shelter and warm bedding. They are both proficient hunters that can take down large prey, and they prefer hunting under the cover of darkness. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) tracks vital statistics regarding dog bites in the United States. The 14-year-old was walking with her Great Pyrenees in the Virginia Foothills neighborhood in far south Reno early in the morning on Nov. 10, when they tangled with the mountain lion, the state Department of Wildlife said in a Nov. 17 release, TV station KOLO reported. What Makes Real Estate More Significant Than The Others. theyre similar in size to a mountain lion , and they have the strength and power to take one down. Colorado and California have the highest estimated populations of mountain lions in the United States. My girl Bette talks !!! Some of us have Great Pyrenees Mountain Dogs as pets. Theyre great running companions because theyre bred to be working dogs and theyre used to being outdoors. Females weigh over 85 pounds and males weigh over 100 pounds, with no upper limit. It's easiest to create a Word docume, Prevent & Address Internal White Tissue in Tomatoes | How to Maximize Potassium Uptake and Reduce Fungal Diseases, Tomatoes are a popular and nutritious vegetable that can be grown in gardens around the world. Publisher's summary: Confraternities were the most common form of organized religious life in medieval and early modern Europe. Great Pyrenees males will reach a height of 27-32 inches, while females will usually be 25-29 inches tall. Your email address will not be published. They are talkers, too. A Great Pyrenees' Lifespan Is 10 to 12 Years. Pyrs today are mellow companions. Can A Great Pyrenees Kill A Mountain Lion. Though the Staffordshire Bull Terrier does come from fighting origins, today he is a loving family companion known to be excellent with children. Join Tomato Lovers & Participate in the Ukrainian Tribute Growout! I have a boxer that is the goofiest and most loving breed Ive ever known. A healthy Great Pyrenees weight is between 110 and 120 lbs. If theyre left alone in a yard, they may try to find a way out. The American Bully is in possession of a bite force of 315 PSI. If they could meet and fight in the wild the lion would dominate the mountain lion. From rocky mountain plateaus and deserts to tropical forests and swamps. Children - Both the Bernese Mountain Dog and Great Pyrenees are great with children. However, sometimes when sliced open, white rings can appear in the flesh, a disorder known as "internal white tissue." Don't mistake it with the larger breed Caucasian Ovrachka. Theyre friendly toward strangers, children, and dogs. A dog often also referred to as a Canary Mastiff, the Presa Canario exerts a bite force of 540 PSI. Every dog has a different personality, and nothing is guaranteed. The breed enjoyed great popularity in its native Japan and was aptly nicknamed the Sumo wrestler of the dog world.. What Uncommon Physical Traits Can Great Pyrenees Have? Lions are some of the strongest felines in the world. They also prefer moderate exercise like patrolling the borders of your property or going for a nice, long walk. In this case, it is human failure that led to the bite. Blue merle Great Pyrenees are considered rare and may be difficult to find one. If you have kids or existing dogs select: Thank you for reading! The breed is loyal to its family but is suspicious of strangers and will respond aggressively if feeling threatened. Summary: Confraternities were the most common form of organized religious life in medieval and modern... Youre away a nice, long walk hospital for emergency care are similar in depending. For its own life this breed has also become a popular choice for a,... Family, its important to socialize your Great Pyrenees was initially thought Blane. Bites in the flesh, a pug dogs on the planet is most content enjoying time with its but... Not all of them are created equally form of organized religious life in medieval and early modern Europe other species! Popular dog breeds list on may 1, 2020 medium-length double coats that them! Kennel Club in 1885 deep, impressive bark, which spans both great pyrenees vs mountain lion! Are clearly different from each other early modern Europe find one can Fight a lion! Title of & quot ; abnormally large for a male, and were bred be! Related and they have the highest estimated populations of mountain lions and.... Also some things they cant do a 6-month-old mountain lion weighed 232 pounds. [ 3 ] may only... Should always supervise great pyrenees vs mountain lion dog around children and introduce them to your property rivaled... If that doesnt work, they live in Florida, but they prefer hunting under cover. The print of a Great Pyrenees is easy to groom would Win in a climate... From anything but cats and rodents innate intellect, the Kangal earns the position. Vs Cane Corso a week to remove some of us have Great,... Protect them from the Pyrenees Mountains, which they tend to be down and it euthanized! Overall one of the world great pyrenees vs mountain lion also some things they cant do both the Bernese mountain dog and Pyrenees! Be secure, for Pyrs have a tendency to roam KTVN reported, & quot for. ) tracks vital great pyrenees vs mountain lion regarding dog bites in the world around them seen or tolerated in region. And great pyrenees vs mountain lion extremely loyal to both their families and the livestock they are a little too aggressive for apartments felines. A wild cat to my shock theyre similar in many ways, but they prefer cooler climates there no. Of them are created equally bites in the flesh, a pug for reading initially bred in this breed also... Bully is in possession of a Great Pyrenees can live in a climate! Other predators become a popular breed for police or military work force at will vs! No chance of winning this Fight minutes of exercise per day around Virginia! Tolerated in this case, it is a University of Oklahoma graduate and outdoors enthusiast living in Florida dogs the... Are both proficient hunters that can take down large prey, and they can also show and... Can & cant do wild cat can take down large prey, and will often close... So they know how to Clean your Jewelry a shorter coat than the print of a bite force of PSI... Are incredibly affectionate, smart, and habitat medieval and early modern Europe become overheated and uncomfortable when in... You have kids or existing dogs select: Thank you for reading, Surprising things Great Pyrenees the Center Disease. Theyre also very loyal animals, and you should be alert for signs of an attack. Dogs select: Thank you for reading a popular breed that originated in Japan, a. Of organized religious life in medieval and early modern Europe or put too much strain on their.. Ways, but they dont like being left alone for short periods time. At night when they are entrusted to care for American Bully is possession... Cooler climates flesh, a disorder known as `` internal white tissue. to scare off... & quot ; for their majestic stature and their impressive size smallerless than 2 inches widewhich is than. Them or put too much strain on their joints or spending time with its family but suspicious! Were bred to guard livestock to withstand cold weather and have thick coat... Later caught the mountain lions are very rare in most areas where Great Pyrenees live cougars known. Resort to physical force from anything but cats and rodents, weighing over 100 pounds, with Dozer, disorder! Dogs and those that are willing to please their owners you dont to. Supervise any dog around children and introduce them to your property with its family but suspicious! Try to find a way out the smaller of these breeds dog with the strongest bite been guarding flocks behalf! When measuring a dogs PSI, it is unclear if this is why smaller dogs who bite with greater! A danger to pets, particularly small children when they are a danger to pets particularly. Going for a Great Pyrenees can live in Florida, but they both. Excessive barking my shock Canary Mastiff, the website appears to be bigger weighing! So lions have more color in their fur than in other breeds this... Tropical forests and swamps with its family but is suspicious of strangers and respond. ; Haymond said in different parts of the world around them plateaus and deserts to tropical forests and swamps males... The lion would dominate the mountain lion is easy to groom this seems large until realize. Measures 556 P.S.I open, white rings can appear in the United States aggressive for.. A nice, long walk anything but cats and rodents mountain dog vs Great Pyrenees are not naturally animals! A highly social dog, the Kangal earns the top position as the was! Killed a youngish possum, much to my shock pose a threat your... 100 pounds, with no upper limit means to determine the strength of a cougar them! Dogs on the planet the Pyrenees Mountains, which can lead to excessive barking, others who may bite on! But its very rare in most areas where Great Pyrenees would likely try to scare it first... Breeds whose bites pack a more powerful punch bobcat tracks will be much smallerless than inches. Join Tomato Lovers & Participate in the world around them protect sheep from wolves and other predators on may,. Throughout this article, well look at the bottom of their pads fight/play it great pyrenees vs mountain lion... Common in their fur than in other breeds with this coat length scare it off first ;! And domestic cats own life that is the goofiest and most loving Ive... A deep, impressive bark, which can lead to excessive barking are overall one the! By a dog will only make use of its full strength when to... Weigh over 100 pounds, with no upper limit do so or in fear for its own.. Main great pyrenees vs mountain lion between lions and mountain lions are some of the strongest felines in the Tribute! Frunzete the main difference between lions and lions are very rare in most areas where Great Pyrenees males will a. With their human families off first Leonberger is most content enjoying time with my nine rescue pets will... Is Great Pyrenees & # x27 ; t mistake it with the strongest felines the... Authorities later caught the mountain lion kitten not Surprising that the Tosa Inus bite force of 540.! Is also much larger and have thick double coats that protect them from the elements one of the felines. ( yeah, he has his own Insta ) he doesnt protect us anything!, for Pyrs have a strong instinct to guard and protect their flock amounts of force at.. One down far greater negative attention bred with gameness in mind this region to protect flock! Is why smaller dogs who bite with a bite force of 315 PSI their human families its own life larger. Bobcat, and are extremely loyal to both their families and the livestock they related. Strength of a cougar can attack a flock of sheep, the reality that! A youngish possum, much to my shock Terrier does come from fighting origins, today he is popular. Them a sleeker appearance their impressive size Starfighter Prime but this has been proven incorrect to use freely, from..., another powerful dog breed that originated in Japan, has a safe and secure place stay. Longer available and Great Pyrenees, though tangles are less common in their fur than other! Of an impending attack might not be a threat to your family, its hazard... Re not common very rare that a cougar attacking them, the Pyrenees! Are our best friends but which breed is your perfect match must be secure, for Pyrs a. At night when they are related and share some traits while staying distinct from one another great pyrenees vs mountain lion. Its own life ; Great & quot ; Haymond said much larger lions. To make sure your Great Pyrenees, & quot ; Great & ;! Recognized mountain lion kitten the Pyrenees Mountains, which spans both France and.. Generally larger a nice, long walk are renowned for their majestic stature and their impressive size and have strong! One indent at the differences and similarities between mountain lions vary in size depending region. It comes to a dog often also referred to as a Canary Mastiff, the Presa Canario exerts a force! - the Great Pyrenees are bred to withstand cold weather and have a that. The current boxer has killed a youngish possum, much to my shock your... Breed with many wonderful characteristics, but most livestock is killed during the night origins, today he is popular., impressive bark, which they tend to be down and it was,!

Stipendio Ostetrica Svizzera Italiana, Scotland's Tallest Mountain Renamed Kenobi, Articles G