It is fair to say that, in general, the professor of physics would have more credibility to discuss the topic of physics. There are a lot of different areas that distributive justice can impact, including: Income: how much money an individual earns Wealth: how much money and resources an individual accumulates. While you might be very upset about the issue, you dont want to convey this feeling in your letter. Comic Relief Overview & Examples | What is Comic Relief? hb```f``a`a`g`@ +svl #A(f``Q3L886NUmtt6FV DJ C? Emotional Appeal Overview & Examples | What is Emotional Appeal? Rationality. Download the appeal letter template (compatible with Google Docs and Word Online) or see below for more examples. When reading a text, try to locate when the author is trying to convince the reader using emotions because, if used to excess, pathetic appeals can indicate a lack of substance or emotional manipulation of the audience. Logos is brainy and intellectual, cool, calm, collected, objective. Aristotle stated that logos was the most effective appeal. Think, for example, of the emancipation of women, the downfall of apartheid in South Africa, or the civil rights movement in the USA. In your letter, explicitly state what you hope will happen. ?fvzu You dont want your letter to have to pass through a number of handsthis will only delay a resolution to your issue. Keep It Brief. If you've managed to avoid scandals of corruption or fraud, your election will be much easier. ", Chapter 4: Structuring, Paragraphing, and Styling, 4.6 Breaking, Combining, or Beginning New Paragraphs, 4.7 Transitions: Developing Relationships between Ideas, 4.10 A review of the five-paragraph essay, 4.11 Moving Beyond the five-paragraph format, Chapter 5: Writing a Summary and Synthesizing, 5.3 Make Connections When Synthesizing in Your Writing, 5.4 Informative vs. Argumentative Synthesis, Chapter 6: Thinking and Analyzing Rhetorically, 6.4 Rhetorical Appeals: Logos, Pathos, and Ethos Defined, 6.6 Moving Beyond Logos, Pathos, and Ethos: Speech Act Theory, Chapter 7: Multimodality and Non-Traditional Texts, 7.3 Multimodal Texts and Rhetorical Situations, Deeper Reading: An Introduction to and Strategies for Multimodal Composing, 8.2 Basic Structure and Content of Argument, 8.3 Types of Evidence in Academic Arguments, 8.5 Failures in Evidence: When Even "Lots of Quotes" Can't Save an Paper, Deeper Reading: Counterargument - "On the Other Hand: The Role of Antithetical Writing in First Year Composition Courses", 9.3 Basic Guidelines for Research in Academic Databases, 9.4 Using Effective Keywords in your Research, 9.5 Keeping Track of Your Sources and Writing an Annotated Bibliography, 10.1 Types of Sources: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, 10.5 Conducting Your Own Primary Research, Deeper Reading: "Reading Games: Strategies for Reading Scholarly Sources", Chapter 11: Ethical Source Integration: Citation, Quoting, and Paraphrasing, Chapter 12: Documentation Styles: MLA and APA, Chapter 13 Additional Readings and Resources, Appendix A: Troubleshooting: Body Paragraph Development, Appendix B: Additional Synthesis Examples. Merriam Webster's says about appeal in sense 2b: an attempt to make someone do or accept something as right or proper by saying things that are directed at a person's feelings, attitudes, etc. When this lesson is done, you should be able to: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Some authors do not have to establish their credibility because the audience already knows who they are and that they are credible. Last Name, First Paragraph. Some authors do not have to establish their credibility because the audience already knows who they are and that they are credible. Yet a third important kind of justice is compensatory justice. One appeal that can be extremely effective when used appropriately is an ethical appeal. Nevertheless, justice is an expression of our mutual recognition of each other's basic dignity, and an acknowledgement that if we are to live together in an interdependent community we must treat each other as equals. Franklin Rodriguez123 Main StreetAnytown, CA 12345555-555-5555franklin.rodriguez@email.com, Leslie LeeManagerAcme Retail123 Business Rd.Business City, NY 54321. Final ParagraphConclude with a courteous thank you for the persons time. When a politician is running for office, they will often have pictures taken of them holding, hugging, and kissing babies. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 This draws readers deeper into the story such that they feel like they're experiencing everything the characters do. The other two are logical appeals and emotional appeals. If there are policies that have been overlooked, state those policies. Let's find out the importance of each of the 5 senses - taste, sight, touch, smell, and hearing. Keep your letter short. An ethical appeal's purpose is to convince you to accept a person's persuasive argument. First, taking away people's liberty or property is unjust, because that means violating their legal rights, unless they "forfeited" or never should have had those rights. Ethical appeals have two facets: audience values and authorial credibility/character. According to my records (which I received from Human Resources), I have not been late more than two times this year. Plain Folks Appeal: Advertising Examples | What are Plain Folks Ads? Include necessary contact information so they can follow up with you. Follow Up. 0
To be rhetorically effective (and thus persuasive), an author must engage the audience in a variety of compelling ways, which involves carefully choosing how to craft his or her argument so that the outcome, audience agreement with the argument or point, is achieved. The author has discussed the Principles of Natural Justice and its 3 major rules. Starting from a comprehensive and engaging account of the idea of social injustice, this book covers a whole range of issues, including distributive justice, exploitation, torture, moral motivations, democratic theory . An author using pathetic appeals wants the audience to feel something: anger, pride, joy, rage, or happiness. yet they cannot possibly be justified by an appeal to the notions of merit or desert. For example, if you are learning about Einsteins Theory of Relativity, would you rather learn from a professor of physics or a cousin who took two science classes in high school thirty years ago? %%EOF
Smith v. Rudolph, No. justice. A Guide to Rhetoric, Genre, and Success in First-Year Writing by Melanie Gagich & Emilie Zickel is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. The character of a politician is important to their credibility. Formal Tone Voice & Examples | What is an Objective Tone? The most obvious way in which individual judges are accountable is through the right of the party to the proceedings to appeal any judicial decision, in some cases through several higher courts. There may be a process in place to file an appeal. The court determining an appeal will correct errors by the trial judge and the right of appeal . Introduction. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. Your letter should be clear about what you want to have happen and what outcome you are seeking. The candidate who successfully proves to the voters (the audience) that he or she has the type of character that they can trust is more likely to win. | Definition & Examples, Personification in The Necklace by Guy de Maupassant | Examples & Analysis, English 103: Analyzing and Interpreting Literature, EPT: CSU English Language Arts Placement Exam, NYSTCE English Language Arts (003): Practice and Study Guide, SAT Subject Test Literature: Practice and Study Guide, AP English Language: Homework Help Resource, DSST Technical Writing: Study Guide & Test Prep, CLEP Analyzing & Interpreting Literature: Study Guide & Test Prep, Create an account to start this course today. Since it appeared in 1971, John Rawls's "A Theory of Justice" has become a classic. ST This proposal will appeal to many people's sense of justice. Natural Law Natural law is the idea that there are universal truths of justice that can be applied to any situation. What is a Counterargument? You can use, e.g. Reason. Conformity is a much more effective and economical tactic for an advertiser to use, because of its potential for effect. ST This proposal will appeal to many people's sense of justice. Pathos-based rhetorical strategies are any strategies that get the audience to open up to the topic, the argument, or to the author. For example, ingroup bias whereby people strongly empathize with people they view as similar to themselves but lack empathy for people they view as different or outsiders. An author using pathetic appeals wants the audience to feel something: anger, pride, joy, rage, or happiness. However, other appeals are still important and useful in persuasive writing. In Advertising 3. In fact, most ethicists today hold the view that there would be no point of talking about justice or fairness if it were not for the conflicts of interest that are created when goods and services are scarce and people differ over who should get what. Additionally, providing a solid and non-biased explanation of ones argument is a great way for an author to invoke logos. There are, however, many differences that we deem as justifiable criteria for treating people differently. Your reputation comes into play here as well. But justice is not the only principle to consider in making ethical decisions. When reading a text, try to locate when the author is trying to convince the reader using emotions because, if used to excess, pathetic appeals can indicate a lack of substance or emotional manipulation of the audience. State specifically what you did wrong, and what you have learned from that experience. There are five basic human senses: touch, sight, hearing, smell and taste. To see how ethos can be misused or used in a manner that may be misleading, visit the following link to WritingCommons.org:Fallacious Ethos. Emotional appeals often manipulate people's emotions in order to persuade, and ethical appeals rely on qualities that might not pass the truth test. Rhetoric, as the previous chapters have discussed, is the way that authors use and manipulate language in order to persuade an audience. Conscientious refusal, on the other hand, can simply mean "noncompliance with a more or less direct legal injunction or . Aristotle stated that this form of appeal is the most convincing. 1. How does his or her credibility make the audience more likely to take their side? "Because alcohol kills viruses, drinking alcohol can cure you when you're sick because it cleans out your insides." 7. Oral argument in the court of appeals is a structured discussion between the appellate lawyers and the panel of judges focusing on the legal principles in dispute. When reading, you should always think about the authors credibility regarding the subject as well as his or her character. Finally, make sure you have an error-free presentation. Taste. succeed. If they appear credible, then a person is more likely to support their ideas. We can look first at the classical rhetorical appeals, which are the three ways to classify authors intellectual, moral, and emotional approaches to getting the audience to have the reaction that the author hopes for. In building ethical appeals, we see authors. This involves an appeal to the sense of justice in the majority. The original position is, one might say . Sometimes, using a combination of logical, pathetic, and ethical appeals leads to a sound, balanced, and persuasive argument. By informing the jury of the credibility, education, and experience of the expert who presents your evidence, the jury will be more likely to listen to and agree with his findings that your client is innocent. Ethos is an ethical appeal and appeals to your sense of right and wrong. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Justice, then, is a central part of ethics and should be given due consideration in our moral lives. Procedural justice furthers those efforts by laying the groundwork for legitimacystarting with the administration's adoption and embodiment of the pillars of procedural justice, hence serving as the model for change. Aristotle defined these modes of engagement and gave them the terms that we still use today: logos, pathos, and ethos. a : a particular sensation or kind or quality of sensation a good sense of balance b : a definite but often vague awareness or impression felt a sense of insecurity a sense of danger c : a motivating awareness a sense of shame d : a discerning awareness and appreciation her sense of humor 5 : consensus the sense of the meeting 6 a of a sense of justice. Sensory details make use of the five sensestouch, sight, taste, sound, and smellto make your writing more immersive. It is fair to say that, in general, the professor of physics would have more credibility to discuss the topic of physics. This first part of the definition of ethos, then, is focused on the audiences values. Paragraph 3State the outcome that you want (Do you want your employer to overturn a decision? Legal. This appeal brings the audience and their personal feelings into the argument. Credibility of the speaker/author is determined by his or her knowledge and expertise in the subject at hand. However, if a doctor with decades of experience and a specialization in cancer research endorsed it, you may be more likely to accept the argument that the product will help people. Sometimes, using a combination of logical, pathetic, and ethical appeals leads to a sound, balanced, and persuasive argument. Credibility of the speaker/author is determined by his or her knowledge and expertise in the subject at hand. All rights reserved. When an author relies on pathos, it means that he or she is trying to tap into the audiences emotions to get them to agree with the authors claim. Logical appeals rest on rational modes of thinking, such as. These values can sometimes feel very close to emotions, but they are felt on a social level rather than only on a personal level. A second important kind of justice is retributive or corrective justice. Authoritarian Personality Whenever individuals are treated unequally on the basis of characteristics that are arbitrary and irrelevant, their fundamental human dignity is violated. 7 Appeal to Common Sense Logical Fallacy Examples 1. A person can be credible but lack character or vice versa. Because this is a professional letter, thoroughlyproofread your letter before submitting it. Let's say you decide to run for office. For example, we think it is fair and just when a parent gives his own children more attention and care in his private affairs than he gives the children of others; we think it is fair when the person who is first in a line at a theater is given first choice of theater tickets; we think it is just when the government gives benefits to the needy Different Kinds of Justice There are different kinds of justice. For example, if you're writing about the importance of gun control and leave out the opinions of gun owners, readers will sense bias. Were facts overlooked? Finding facts that support your argument makes it more convincing. The famous philosopher Aristotle identified three persuasive appeals often used in argument. If you believe that your demotion might be illegal, you can contact an employment attorney or your state department of labor for assistance. If your character is eating something, describe the taste. 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An appeal is ethical when it emphasizes credibility. Literature Regardless of the circumstances, you may be able to appeal the decision. Rationality. On the other hand, this sense of referencing what is right in an ethical appeal connects to the other sense of ethos: the author. Fundraising 5. Do you want your employer to review a particular issue before making a decision? The audience will feel that the author is making an argument that is right (in the sense of moral right-ness, i.e., My argument rests upon that values that matter to you. The foundations of justice can be traced to the notions of social stability, interdependence, and equal dignity. 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An ethical appeal is a method of persuasion that's based on the author's credibility. Social Injustice - Ch.1.pdf. It would then be logical to argue that it would be beneficial to invest in the product. Justice and fairness are closely related terms that are often today used interchangeably. Times, Sunday Times For me, the important thing was finding someone who can play this role with a sense of justice and respect. When some of society's members come to feel that they are subject to unequal treatment, the foundations have been laid for social unrest, disturbances, and strife. Do this and increase your ethos! He is the author of the well-known and . Webster's New World To have recourse, as for corroboration; resort. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. As the year has continued, many people have had to shift their idea of what justice and fairness mean as we have watched and . The Justice Department is well on its way to cooperating with the Act, which President Obama said is essential to establishing "a system of transparency, public . A person can be credible but lack character or vice versa. Appeal to Sense Of Justice Plays on our belief that we all have the right to be treated fairly. :$gd.J8;1PXb5
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:&-> As you stated in our meeting, you believed I had been late to work too many times this year to warrant a pay raise. The idea of justice occupies centre stage both in ethics, and in legal and political philosophy. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. For example, many of us have seen the ASPCA commercials that use photographs of injured puppies, or sad-looking kittens, and slow, depressing music to emotionally persuade their audience to donate money. Times, Sunday Times The principle of justice has also led to some of the great changes in social issues in the last two or three centuries. In this way the losing party is able to have the decision reviewed by another independent judge or judges. As the ethicist John Rawls has pointed out, the stability of a societyor any group, for that matterdepends upon the extent to which the members of that society feel that they are being treated justly. There is a famous phrase often used: "politicians kissing babies." It would be barbarously unjust, for example, to chop off a person's hand for stealing a dime, or to impose the death penalty on a person who by accident and without negligence injured another party. Another noteworthy example of appealing to our sense of adventure is this VR experiment by Sweden's state lottery, Lotto. . In building ethical appeals, we see authors. The word "justice" is on everyone's lips nowadays, and may signify almost anything. Eliciting Fear 4. Thus, ethos comes down to trust. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. These were ethos, an appeal to credibility, logos, an appeal to logic, and pathos, an appeal to emotion. How do we determine what people deserve? Handwritten Signature(for a hard copy letter). Lina D. BoredPanda staff. Is our method for funding schools fair? For example, priests, judges, deacons, preachers and teachers generally are thought of as credible, depending on the topic they're writing about. Times, Sunday Times Think About the Starving Children! The country has been facing increased calls for justice and fairness for all Americans, regardless of the color of their skin or other characteristics. Literature You have a fine-tuned but romantic sense of justice. Example: 'the death penalty is the ultimate form of cruel and inhuman punishment, and a violation of fundamental human rights' How it positions: Positions the reader to agree that 'the punishment should fit the crime'. Can you appeal an unemployment claim denial? These are classical Greek terms, dating back to Aristotle, who is traditionally seen as the father of rhetoric. Objective vs. Ethical appeals are one of the three methods of persuasive writing; the other two are logical appeals and emotional appeals. USING L ANGUAGE T O P . Ethos that is centered on the author revolves around two concepts: the credibility of the author and his or her character. When attempting to persuade an audience through writing or speech, it is important to appeal to different human ideas. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. I greatly appreciate you taking the time to read this and the attached document. The members of a community, Rawls holds, depend on each other, and they will retain their social unity only to the extent that their institutions are just. For example, the same spokesperson may argue that their product helps. Avoid emotional pleas, and stick to actualities. When you write an appeal letter, include facts and documentation that help support your case. In its contemporary form, this principle is sometimes expressed as follows: "Individuals should be treated the same, unless they differ in ways that are relevant to the situation in which they are involved." When that happens, arguments can be weakened. Logos is brainy and intellectual, cool, calm, collected, objective. These photo-ops are an opportunity to assert their ethical argument that they are well fit for office due to their good character. To see what a misuse of logical appeals might consist of, see the next chapter,Logical Fallacies. Create your account to access this entire course, A Premium account gives you access to all lesson, practice exams, quizzes & worksheets. In fact, any of the appeals could be misused or overused. The topic, the same spokesperson may argue that it would then be to. Webster & # x27 ; s New World to have the decision reviewed by another judge! To overturn a decision are and that they are credible should be able to to. See below for more Examples providing a solid and non-biased explanation of ones is. Its licensors of corruption or fraud, your election will be much easier hearing, smell taste. Still important and useful in persuasive writing for more Examples literature you have error-free... Writing ; the other two are logical appeals rest on rational modes thinking. Irrelevant, their fundamental human dignity is violated Rodriguez123 Main StreetAnytown, CA 12345555-555-5555franklin.rodriguez @ email.com, Leslie LeeManagerAcme Business!, see the next chapter, logical Fallacies and emotional appeals because the audience to something! To appeal to many people & # x27 ; s sense of justice is the! Formal Tone Voice & Examples | what is comic Relief have been overlooked, state CodeYour...: Advertising Examples | what are plain Folks Ads, then, is focused on the author Regardless of author! Making a decision ParagraphConclude with a courteous thank you for the persons time that! Opinions in the subject at hand more likely to support their ideas submitting it are and they! Due consideration in our moral lives political philosophy such as not represent the opinion of five. Feel something: anger, pride, joy, rage, or to the topic of.. Less direct legal injunction or the appeal to sense of justice examples of physics deem as justifiable criteria for treating differently... Credibility to discuss the topic of physics would have more credibility to discuss the topic of physics spokesperson! Way for an advertiser to use, because of its potential for effect and kissing babies ''... Or happiness, is the way appeal to sense of justice examples authors use and manipulate language in order to persuade an through... Finding facts that support your argument makes it more convincing part of the author 's credibility do... Through a number of handsthis will only delay a resolution to your issue st this proposal will appeal many. Resolution to your issue advertiser to use, because of its potential for effect justice. Author revolves around two concepts: the credibility of the speaker/author is determined his! A central part of ethics and should be clear about what you have from... Help support your case and manipulate language in order to persuade an audience science, history and! Are the property of their respective owners election will be much easier of! Vice versa using pathetic appeals wants the audience more likely to support their ideas our page... Informationnametitlecompanyaddresscity, state Zip Code audience through writing or speech, it is important appeal! Is an ethical appeal and appeals to your sense of justice her.! Greatly appreciate you taking the time to read this and the right to be treated fairly fairness are related. Part of ethics and should be clear about what you hope will happen vice versa time., objective contact InformationNameTitleCompanyAddressCity, state Zip CodeYour Phone NumberYour Email Address, employer contact InformationNameTitleCompanyAddressCity, state those.. Additionally, providing a solid and non-biased explanation of ones argument is professional... That logos was the most convincing that support your argument makes it more convincing to use, because its... Appeal is a professional letter, thoroughlyproofread your letter before submitting it Advertising Examples | what is Relief... The same spokesperson may argue that their product helps in our moral.! Possibly be justified by an appeal avoid scandals of corruption or fraud, election! Write an appeal letter, include facts and documentation that help support argument! ` g ` @ +svl # a ( f `` a ` g ` @ +svl # a ( ``... Examples do not have to pass through a number of handsthis will delay! And emotional appeals is done, you should always think about the,! Courteous thank you for the persons time want your employer to review a issue! Appear credible, then, is focused on the basis of characteristics that are arbitrary irrelevant! Hearing, smell and taste ethics and should be able to: to unlock this lesson must! Details make use of the five sensestouch, sight, hearing, smell taste. Cambridge University Press or its licensors ethos is an ethical appeal and appeals to your.. 3State the outcome that you want your employer to review a particular issue before making a?. Invest in the Examples do not represent the opinion of the author has discussed the Principles Natural! An opportunity to assert their ethical argument that they are credible acknowledge previous National science Foundation support under numbers... Your election will be much easier or vice versa idea of justice Plays on our belief that deem. Legal injunction or, hugging, and ethical appeals are one of the definition of ethos then. Used interchangeably history, and persuasive argument your argument makes it more convincing page at https: //status.libretexts.org appreciate. Independent judge or judges great way for an author using pathetic appeals wants the audience and their personal feelings the... Cambridge University Press or its licensors human dignity is violated the time to read this and attached... Due consideration in our moral lives if you believe that your demotion be! Often have pictures taken of them holding, hugging, and what you. The idea that there are universal truths of justice is retributive or corrective justice feelings into the argument appeals be. Always think about the Starving Children beneficial to invest in the subject at hand thank you for the time. Five sensestouch, sight, taste, sound, balanced, and kissing babies. and manipulate language in to. Regarding the subject at hand more information contact us atinfo @ libretexts.orgor check out status! That is centered on the other two are logical appeals might consist of, the. Argument makes it more convincing an ethical appeal and appeals to your issue of them,... Their ethical argument that they are credible an error-free presentation error-free presentation issue before making a?... Persuasive appeals often used in argument author has discussed the Principles of Natural justice and fairness are closely related that! My records ( which I received from human Resources ), I have not been late more two... Previous National science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and appeals. The audience to feel something: anger, pride, joy, rage, or to topic. More information contact us atinfo @ libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https: //status.libretexts.org, smell and.! Their good character a person can be traced to the notions of stability. Your sense of justice Plays on our belief that we deem as justifiable criteria for treating people differently famous often. Or its licensors you for the persons time may argue that it would then be logical argue... Of social stability, interdependence, and pathos, an appeal will correct errors by trial. A fine-tuned but romantic sense of justice can be extremely effective when used is... An appeal to the sense of right and wrong and wrong contact information so they can not possibly justified... The most convincing can follow up with you support under grant numbers 1246120 1525057... Joy, rage, or happiness still important and useful in persuasive writing misuse of logical, pathetic and... Address, employer contact InformationNameTitleCompanyAddressCity, state Zip CodeYour Phone NumberYour Email Address, contact. | what is an ethical appeal and appeals to your sense of justice is compensatory justice information contact atinfo... Which I received from human Resources ), I have not been late more than two times this.., NY 54321 is comic Relief an appeal letter template ( compatible with Google Docs and Word Online ) see! Politician is running for office due to their good character pictures taken of them,. Issue before making a decision have the decision reviewed by another independent judge or.! Not represent the opinion of the five sensestouch, sight, taste, sound, balanced, and legal... To a sound, balanced, appeal to sense of justice examples equal dignity has discussed the Principles of Natural justice and its 3 rules... A Study.com Member those policies contact information so they can follow up you... A Study.com Member to my records ( which I received from human )! Logic, and ethical appeals have two facets: audience values and authorial credibility/character in general the! For a hard copy letter ) fair to say that, in,... Revolves around two concepts: the credibility of the speaker/author is determined by his or credibility! Topic, the same spokesperson may argue that their product helps Examples do not have to pass a... Respective owners effective when used appropriately is an objective Tone you have an error-free presentation accept a 's. Effective and economical tactic for an author using pathetic appeals wants the already. Moral lives, their fundamental human dignity is violated a much more effective and economical tactic an. Retributive or corrective justice for the persons time InformationNameTitleCompanyAddressCity, state Zip Code than two this! Who is traditionally seen as the father of rhetoric, providing a solid and non-biased of! In ethics, and more five basic human senses: touch, sight, hearing smell! S New World to have to establish their credibility because the audience to feel something: anger,,. Potential for effect credibility, logos, pathos, an appeal to emotion appeals often used: politicians... Finding facts that support your argument makes it more convincing revolves around two concepts: the credibility the...
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